GnuPG (GPG) is an open source version of PGP that allows you to sign and and also encrypt a file or an email message. This is useful to maintain integrity of the message or file and also protects the confidentiality of the information contained within the file or email. In the case of email, GPG provides dual protection. Not only can it provide Data at Rest protection but also Data in Motion protection once the message has been sent across the network. Refer to and for more information about these concepts.

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. Determine whether your platform is supported. Please note that not all supported systems are equally suitable for running MySQL. On some platforms it is much more robust and efficient than others. See, for details. Choose which distribution to install. Several versions of MySQL are available, and most are available in several distribution formats.

You can choose from pre-packaged distributions containing binary (precompiled) programs or source code. When in doubt, use a binary distribution. We also provide public access to our current source tree for those who want to see our most recent developments and help us test new code. To determine which version and type of distribution you should use, see. Download the distribution that you want to install. For instructions, see. To verify the integrity of the distribution, use the instructions in.

Install the distribution. To install MySQL from a binary distribution, use the instructions in.

To install MySQL from a source distribution or from the current development source tree, use the instructions in. If you encounter installation difficulties, see, for information on solving problems for particular platforms.

Perform any necessary post-installation setup. After installing MySQL, read. This section contains important information about making sure the MySQL server is working properly. It also describes how to secure the initial MySQL user accounts, which have no passwords until you assign passwords. The section applies whether you install MySQL using a binary or source distribution. If you want to run the MySQL benchmark scripts, Perl support for MySQL must be available. 2.1.1. Operating Systems Supported by MySQL This section lists the operating systems on which you can expect to be able to run MySQL.

We use GNU Autoconf, so it is possible to port MySQL to all modern systems that have a C compiler and a working implementation of POSIX threads. (Thread support is needed for the server. To compile only the client code, the only requirement is a C compiler.) We use and develop the software ourselves primarily on Linux (SuSE and Red Hat), FreeBSD, and Sun Solaris (versions 8 and 9).

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MySQL has been reported to compile successfully on the following combinations of operating system and thread package. Note that for many operating systems, native thread support works only in the latest versions. AIX 4.x, 5.x with native threads. BSDI 2.x with the MIT-pthreads package. BSDI 3.0, 3.1 and 4.x with native threads. Digital Unix 4.x with native threads.

FreeBSD 2.x with the MIT-pthreads package. FreeBSD 3.x and 4.x with native threads. FreeBSD 4.x with LinuxThreads. HP-UX 10.20 with the DCE threads or the MIT-pthreads package. HP-UX 11.x with the native threads. Linux 2.0+ with LinuxThreads 0.7.1+ or glibc 2.0.7+ for various CPU architectures. NetBSD 1.3/1.4 Intel and NetBSD 1.3 Alpha (requires GNU make).

Novell NetWare 6.0 and 6.5. OpenBSD 2.5 and with native threads. OpenBSD earlier than 2.5 with the MIT-pthreads package. OS/2 Warp 3, FixPack 29 and OS/2 Warp 4, FixPack 4. SCO OpenServer 5.0.X with a recent port of the FSU Pthreads package.

SCO Openserver 6.0.x. SCO UnixWare 7.1.x. SGI Irix 6.x with native threads. Solaris 2.5 and above with native threads on SPARC and x86. SunOS 4.x with the MIT-pthreads package. Tru64 Unix.

Windows 9x, Me, NT, 2000, XP, and Windows Server 2003. Not all platforms are equally well-suited for running MySQL. How well a certain platform is suited for a high-load mission-critical MySQL server is determined by the following factors. General stability of the thread library. A platform may have an excellent reputation otherwise, but MySQL is only as stable as the thread library it calls, even if everything else is perfect.

The capability of the kernel and the thread library to take advantage of symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems. In other words, when a process creates a thread, it should be possible for that thread to run on a CPU different from the original process. The capability of the kernel and the thread library to run many threads that acquire and release a mutex over a short critical region frequently without excessive context switches. If the implementation of pthreadmutexlock is too anxious to yield CPU time, this hurts MySQL tremendously. If this issue is not taken care of, adding extra CPUs actually makes MySQL slower. General filesystem stability and performance.

If your tables are large, performance is affected by the ability of the filesystem to deal with large files at all and to deal with them efficiently. Our level of expertise here at MySQL AB with the platform. If we know a platform well, we enable platform-specific optimizations and fixes at compile time. We can also provide advice on configuring your system optimally for MySQL.

The amount of testing we have done internally for similar configurations. The number of users that have run MySQL successfully on the platform in similar configurations. If this number is high, the likelihood of encountering platform-specific surprises is much smaller. Based on the preceding criteria, the best platforms for running MySQL at this point are x86 with SuSE Linux using a 2.4 or 2.6 kernel, and ReiserFS (or any similar Linux distribution) and SPARC with Solaris (2.7-9). FreeBSD comes third, but we really hope it joins the top club once the thread library is improved. We also hope that at some point we are able to include into the top category all other platforms on which MySQL currently compiles and runs, but not quite with the same level of stability and performance.

This requires some effort on our part in cooperation with the developers of the operating systems and library components that MySQL depends on. If you are interested in improving one of those components, are in a position to influence its development, and need more detailed instructions on what MySQL needs to run better, send an email message to the MySQL internals mailing list. Please note that the purpose of the preceding comparison is not to say that one operating system is better or worse than another in general. We are talking only about choosing an OS for the specific purpose of running MySQL.

With this in mind, the result of this comparison might be different if other factors were considered. In some cases, the reason one OS is better for MySQL than another might simply be that we have been able to put more effort into testing and optimizing for a particular platform.

We are just stating our observations to help you decide which platform to use for running MySQL. MySQL 5.1 is the current development release series. MySQL 5.0 is the current stable (production-quality) release series. New releases are issued for bugfixes only; no new features are being added that could effect stability.

MySQL 4.1 is the previous stable (production-quality) release series. New releases are issued for critical bugfixes and security fixes. No significant new features are to be added to this series.

MySQL 4.0 and 3.23 are the old stable (production-quality) release series. These versions are now retired, so new releases are issued only to fix extremely critical bugs (primarily security issues). We do not believe in a complete code freeze because this prevents us from making bugfixes and other fixes that must be done. By “ somewhat frozen” we mean that we may add small things that should not affect anything that currently works in a production release.

Naturally, relevant bugfixes from an earlier series propagate to later series. Normally, if you are beginning to use MySQL for the first time or trying to port it to some system for which there is no binary distribution, we recommend going with the production release series. Currently, this is MySQL 5.0.

All MySQL releases, even those from development series, are checked with the MySQL benchmarks and an extensive test suite before being issued. If you are running an older system and want to upgrade, but do not want to take the chance of having a non-seamless upgrade, you should upgrade to the latest version in the same release series you are using (where only the last part of the version number is newer than yours).

We have tried to fix only fatal bugs and make only small, relatively “ safe” changes to that version. If you want to use new features not present in the production release series, you can use a version from a development series. Note that development releases are not as stable as production releases. If you want to use the very latest sources containing all current patches and bugfixes, you can use one of our BitKeeper repositories. These are not “ releases” as such, but are available as previews of the code on which future releases are to be based. The MySQL naming scheme uses release names that consist of three numbers and a suffix; for example, mysql-5.0.12-beta.

The numbers within the release name are interpreted as follows. The first number ( 5) is the major version and describes the file format. All MySQL 5 releases have the same file format. The second number ( 0) is the release level. Taken together, the major version and release level constitute the release series number. The third number ( 12) is the version number within the release series. This is incremented for each new release.

Usually you want the latest version for the series you have chosen. For each minor update, the last number in the version string is incremented. When there are major new features or minor incompatibilities with previous versions, the second number in the version string is incremented. When the file format changes, the first number is increased. Release names also include a suffix to indicates the stability level of the release. Releases within a series progress through a set of suffixes to indicate how the stability level improves.

The possible suffixes are. alpha indicates that the release contains new features that have not been thoroughly tested. Known bugs should be documented in the News section. Most alpha releases implement new commands and extensions.

Active development that may involve major code changes can occur in an alpha release. However, we do conduct testing before issuing a release. beta means that the release is intended to be feature-complete and that all new code has been tested. No major new features that are added. There should be no known critical bugs. A version changes from alpha to beta when there have been no reported fatal bugs within an alpha version for at least a month and we have no plans to add any new features that could make previously implemented features unreliable. All APIs, externally visible structures, and columns for SQL statements will not change during future beta, release candidate, or production releases.

rc is a release candidate; that is, a beta that has been around for a while and seems to work well. Only minor fixes are added. (A release candidate is what formerly was known as a gamma release.). If there is no suffix, it means that the version has been run for a while at many different sites with no reports of critical repeatable bugs other than platform-specific bugs. Only critical bugfixes are applied to the release. This is what we call a production (stable) or “ General Availability” (GA) release.

MySQL uses a naming scheme that is slightly different from most other products. In general, it is usually safe to use any version that has been out for a couple of weeks without being replaced by a new version within the same release series.

All releases of MySQL are run through our standard tests and benchmarks to ensure that they are relatively safe to use. Because the standard tests are extended over time to check for all previously found bugs, the test suite keeps getting better. All releases have been tested at least with these tools. An internal test suite The mysql-test directory contains an extensive set of test cases. We run these tests for virtually every server binary.

See, for more information about this test suite. The MySQL benchmark suite This suite runs a range of common queries. It is also a test to determine whether the latest batch of optimizations actually made the code faster. The crash-me test This test tries to determine what features the database supports and what its capabilities and limitations are.

We also test the newest MySQL version in our internal production environment, on at least one machine. We have more than 100GB of data to work with. 2.1.2.2. Choosing a Distribution Format After choosing which version of MySQL to install, you should decide whether to use a binary distribution or a source distribution. In most cases, you should probably use a binary distribution, if one exists for your platform. Binary distributions are available in native format for many platforms, such as RPM files for Linux or PKG package installers for Mac OS X. Distributions also are available as Zip archives or compressed tar files. Reasons to choose a binary distribution include the following.

Binary distributions generally are easier to install than source distributions. To satisfy different user requirements, we provide two different binary versions. One is an optimized server that is a smaller, faster binary. The other is a server compiled with debugging support.

These servers are named mysqld and mysqld-debug. Both versions are compiled from the same source distribution, though with different configuration options. All native MySQL clients can connect to servers from either MySQL version.

Under some circumstances, you may be better off installing MySQL from a source distribution.with-innodb.with-berkeley-db (not available on all platforms).with-libwrap.with-named-z-libs (this is done for some of the binaries).with-debug=full. You want to configure mysqld without some features that are included in the standard binary distributions. For example, distributions normally are compiled with support for all character sets. If you want a smaller MySQL server, you can recompile it with support for only the character sets you need. You have a special compiler (such as pgcc) or want to use compiler options that are better optimized for your processor.

Binary distributions are compiled with options that should work on a variety of processors from the same processor family. You want to use the latest sources from one of the BitKeeper repositories to have access to all current bugfixes. For example, if you have found a bug and reported it to the MySQL development team, the bugfix is committed to the source repository and you can access it there. The bugfix does not appear in a release until a release actually is issued.

You want to read (or modify) the C and C code that makes up MySQL. For this purpose, you should get a source distribution, because the source code is always the ultimate manual.

Source distributions contain more tests and examples than binary distributions. 2.1.2.3. How and When Updates Are Released MySQL is evolving quite rapidly and we want to share new developments with other MySQL users. We try to produce a new release whenever we have new and useful features that others also seem to have a need for. We also try to help users who request features that are easy to implement.

We take note of what our licensed users want, and we especially take note of what our support customers want and try to help them in this regard. No one is required to download a new release. The News section helps you determine whether the new release has something you really want. We use the following policy when updating MySQL.

Releases are issued within each series. For each release, the last number in the version is one more than the previous release within the same series. Production (stable) releases are meant to appear about 1-2 times a year. However, if small bugs are found, a release with only bugfixes is issued. Working releases/bugfixes to old releases are meant to appear about every 4-8 weeks.

Binary distributions for some platforms are made by us for major releases. Other people may make binary distributions for other systems, but probably less frequently.

We make fixes available as soon as we have identified and corrected small or non-critical but annoying bugs. The fixes are available immediately from our public BitKeeper repositories, and are included in the next release. If by any chance a fatal bug is found in a release, our policy is to fix it in a new release as soon as possible. (We would like other companies to do this, too!). 2.1.2.4. Release Philosophy—No Known Bugs in Releases We put a lot of time and effort into making our releases bug-free.

We haven't released a single MySQL version with any known fatal repeatable bugs. (A “ fatal” bug is something that crashes MySQL under normal usage, produces incorrect answers for normal queries, or has a security problem.) We have documented all open problems, bugs, and issues that are dependent on design decisions. Our aim is to fix everything that is fixable without making a stable MySQL version less stable. In certain cases, this means we can fix an issue in the development versions, but not in the stable (production) version. Naturally, we document such issues so that users are aware of them. Here is a description of our build process. We monitor bugs from our customer support list, the bugs database at, and the MySQL external mailing lists.

All reported bugs for live versions are entered into the bugs database. When we fix a bug, we always try to make a test case for it and include it into our test system to ensure that the bug can never recur without being detected. (About 90% of all fixed bugs have test cases.).

We create test cases for each new feature that we add to MySQL. Before we start to build a new MySQL release, we ensure that all reported repeatable bugs for that MySQL version (3.23.x, 4.0.x, 4.1.x, 5.0.x, 5.1.x, and so on) are fixed. If something is impossible to fix due to some internal design decision in MySQL, we document this in the manual. We do a build on all platforms for which we support binaries and run our test suite and benchmark suite on all of them. We do not publish a binary for a platform for which the test or benchmark suite fails. If the problem is due to a general error in the source, we fix it and do the build plus tests on all systems again from scratch.

The build and test process takes a week. If we receive a report regarding a fatal bug during this process (for example, one that causes a core dump), we fix the problem and restart the build process. After publishing the binaries on, we send out an announcement message to the mysql and announce mailing lists. The announcement message contains a list of all changes to the release and any known problems with the release.

The Known Problems section in the release notes has been needed for only a handful of releases. To quickly give our users access to the latest MySQL features, we try to produce a new MySQL release every 4-8 weeks.

Source code snapshots are built daily and are available at. If, despite our best efforts, we receive any bug reports after a release is issued that a critical problem exists for the build on a specific platform, we fix it at once and build a new 'a' release for that platform. Thanks to our large user base, problems are found and resolved very quickly. Our track record for making stable releases is quite good.

In the last 150 releases, we had to do a new build for fewer than 10 of them. In three of these cases, the bug was a faulty glibc library on one of our build machines that took us a long time to track down. 2.1.2.5. MySQL Binaries Compiled by MySQL AB As a service of MySQL AB, we provide a set of binary distributions of MySQL that are compiled on systems at our site or on systems where supporters of MySQL kindly have given us access to their machines.

In addition to the binaries provided in platform-specific package formats, we offer binary distributions for a number of platforms in the form of compressed tar files (.tar.gz files). The RPM distributions for MySQL 5.1 releases that we make available through our Web site are generated by MySQL AB. For Windows distributions, see. These distributions are generated using the script Build-tools/Do-compile, which compiles the source code and creates the binary tar.gz archive using scripts/makebinarydistribution. These binaries are configured and built with the following compilers and options. This information can also be obtained by looking at the variables COMPENVINFO and CONFIGURELINE inside the script bin/mysqlbug of every binary tar file distribution.

Anyone who has more optimal options for any of the following configure commands can mail them to the MySQL internals mailing list. If you want to compile a debug version of MySQL, you should add -with-debug or -with-debug=full to the following configure commands and remove any -fomit-frame-pointer options. The following binaries are built on MySQL AB development systems. MD5 checksums. Cryptographic signatures using GnuPG, the GNU Privacy Guard. For RPM packages, the built-in RPM integrity verification mechanism The following sections describe how to use these methods. If you notice that the MD5 checksum or GPG signatures do not match, first try to download the respective package one more time, perhaps from another mirror site.

If you repeatedly cannot successfully verify the integrity of the package, please notify us about such incidents, including the full package name and the download site you have been using, at. Do not report downloading problems using the bug-reporting system. 2.1.4.1. Verifying the MD5 Checksum After you have downloaded a MySQL package, you should make sure that its MD5 checksum matches the one provided on the MySQL download pages. Each package has an individual checksum that you can verify with the following command, where packagename is the name of the package you downloaded: shell md5sum packagename Example: shell md5sum mysql-standard-5.1.7-beta-linux-i686.tar.gz aaab65abbec64d5e907dcd mysql-standard-5.1.7-beta-linux-i686.tar.gz You should verify that the resulting checksum (the string of hexadecimal digits) matches the one displayed on the download page immediately below the respective package. Note: Make sure to verify the checksum of the archive file (for example, the.zip or.tar.gz file) and not of the files that are contained inside of the archive. Note that not all operating systems support the md5sum command.

On some, it is simply called md5, and others do not ship it at all. On Linux, it is part of the GNU Text Utilities package, which is available for a wide range of platforms. You can download the source code from as well. If you have OpenSSL installed, you can use the command openssl md5 packagename instead. A Windows implementation of the md5 command line utility is available from. WinMd5Sum is a graphical MD5 checking tool that can be obtained from.

2.1.4.2. Signature Checking Using GnuPG Another method of verifying the integrity and authenticity of a package is to use cryptographic signatures. This is more reliable than using MD5 checksums, but requires more work. At MySQL AB, we sign MySQL downloadable packages with GnuPG (GNU Privacy Guard).

GnuPG is an Open Source alternative to the well-known Pretty Good Privacy ( PGP) by Phil Zimmermann. See for more information about GnuPG and how to obtain and install it on your system. Most Linux distributions ship with GnuPG installed by default. For more information about GnuPG, see.

To verify the signature for a specific package, you first need to obtain a copy of MySQL AB's public GPG build key, which you can download from. The key that you want to obtain is named build@mysql.com.

Distribution file mysql-standard-5.1.7-beta-linux-i686.tar.gz Signature file mysql-standard-5.1.7-beta-linux-i686.tar.gz.asc Make sure that both files are stored in the same directory and then run the following command to verify the signature for the distribution file: shell gpg -verify packagename.asc Example: shell gpg -verify mysql-standard-5.1.7-beta-linux-i686.tar.gz.asc gpg: Signature made Tue 12 Jul 2005 23:35:41 EST using DSA key ID 5072E1F5 gpg: Good signature from 'MySQL Package signing key (www.mysql.com) ' The Good signature message indicates that everything is all right. You can ignore any insecure memory warning you might obtain.

See the GPG documentation for more information on how to work with public keys. 2.1.4.3. Signature Checking Using RPM For RPM packages, there is no separate signature.

RPM packages have a built-in GPG signature and MD5 checksum. You can verify a package by running the following command: shell rpm -checksig packagename.rpm Example: shell rpm -checksig MySQL-server-5.1.7-beta-0.i386.rpm MySQL-server-5.1.7-beta-0.i386.rpm: md5 gpg OK Note: If you are using RPM 4.1 and it complains about (GPG) NOT OK (MISSING KEYS: GPG#5072e1f5), even though you have imported the MySQL public build key into your own GPG keyring, you need to import the key into the RPM keyring first. RPM 4.1 no longer uses your personal GPG keyring (or GPG itself). Rather, it maintains its own keyring because it is a system-wide application and a user's GPG public keyring is a user-specific file.

To import the MySQL public key into the RPM keyring, first obtain the key as described in. Then use rpm -import to import the key. For example, if you have saved the public key in a file named mysqlpubkey.asc, import it using this command: shell rpm -import mysqlpubkey.asc If you need to obtain the MySQL public key, see. 2.1.5. Installation Layouts This section describes the default layout of the directories created by installing binary or source distributions provided by MySQL AB. A distribution provided by another vendor might use a layout different from those shown here. For MySQL 5.1 on Windows, the default installation directory is C: Program Files MySQL MySQL Server 5.1.

(Some Windows users prefer to install in C: mysql, the directory that formerly was used as the default. However, the layout of the subdirectories remains the same.) The installation directory has the following subdirectories. Directory Contents of Directory /usr/bin Client programs and scripts /usr/sbin The mysqld server /var/lib/mysql Log files, databases /usr/share/doc/packages Documentation /usr/include/mysql Include (header) files /usr/lib/mysql Libraries /usr/share/mysql Error message and character set files /usr/share/sql-bench Benchmarks On Unix, a tar file binary distribution is installed by unpacking it at the installation location you choose (typically /usr/local/mysql) and creates the following directories in that location. The mysqld server is installed in the libexec directory rather than in the bin directory. The data directory is var rather than data. mysqlinstalldb is installed in the bin directory rather than in the scripts directory. The header file and library directories are include/mysql and lib/mysql rather than include and lib.

You can create your own binary installation from a compiled source distribution by executing the scripts/makebinarydistribution script from the top directory of the source distribution. 2.2. Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution The next several sections cover the installation of MySQL on platforms where we offer packages using the native packaging format of the respective platform. (This is also known as performing a “ binary install.”) However, binary distributions of MySQL are available for many other platforms as well. See, for generic installation instructions for these packages that apply to all platforms. See, for more information on what other binary distributions are available and how to obtain them.

A 32-bit Windows operating system such as 9x, Me, NT, 2000, XP, or Windows Server 2003. A Windows NT-based operating system (NT, 2000, XP, 2003) permits you to run the MySQL server as a service. The use of a Windows NT-based operating system is strongly recommended. Generally, you should install MySQL on Windows using an account that has administrator rights. Otherwise, you may encounter problems with certain operations such as editing the PATH environment variable or accessing the Service Control Manager. TCP/IP protocol support.

Enough space on the hard drive to unpack, install, and create the databases in accordance with your requirements (generally a minimum of 200 megabytes is recommended.) There may also be other requirements, depending on how you plan to use MySQL. Binary distributions are available that contain a setup program that installs everything you need so that you can start the server immediately. Another binary distribution format contains an archive that you simply unpack in the installation location and then configure yourself.

For details, see. The source distribution contains all the code and support files for building the executables using the Visual Studio 7.1 compiler system. Generally speaking, you should use a binary distribution that includes an installer.

It is simpler to use than the others, and you need no additional tools to get MySQL up and running. The installer for the Windows version of MySQL, combined with a GUI Configuration Wizard, automatically installs MySQL, creates an option file, starts the server, and secures the default user accounts. The following section describes how to install MySQL on Windows using a binary distribution. To use an installation package that does not include an installer, follow the procedure described in. To install using a source distribution, see. MySQL distributions for Windows can be downloaded from.

The Essentials Package: This package has a filename similar to mysql-essential-5.1.7-beta-win32.msi and contains the minimum set of files needed to install MySQL on Windows, including the Configuration Wizard. This package does not include optional components such as the embedded server and benchmark suite. The Complete Package: This package has a filename similar to mysql-5.1.7-beta-win32.zip and contains all files needed for a complete Windows installation, including the Configuration Wizard.

This package includes optional components such as the embedded server and benchmark suite. The Noinstall Archive: This package has a filename similar to mysql-noinstall-5.1.7-beta-win32.zip and contains all the files found in the Complete install package, with the exception of the Configuration Wizard. This package does not include an automated installer, and must be manually installed and configured. The Essentials package is recommended for most users.

It is provided as an.msi file for use with the Windows Installer. The Complete and Noinstall distributions are packaged as Zip archives. To use them, you must have a tool that can unpack.zip files. Your choice of install package affects the installation process you must follow. If you choose to install either the Essentials or Complete install packages, see. If you choose to install MySQL from the Noinstall archive, see. Sony dpp ex50 driver for mac. 2.3.2. Installing MySQL with the Automated Installer New MySQL users can use the MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard to install MySQL on Windows.

These are designed to install and configure MySQL in such a way that new users can immediately get started using MySQL. The MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard are available in the Essentials and Complete install packages. They are recommended for most standard MySQL installations. Exceptions include users who need to install multiple instances of MySQL on a single server host and advanced users who want complete control of server configuration.

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2.3.3.1. Introduction to the Installation Wizard MySQL Installation Wizard is an installer for the MySQL server that uses the latest installer technologies for Microsoft Windows. The MySQL Installation Wizard, in combination with the MySQL Configuration Wizard, allows a user to install and configure a MySQL server that is ready for use immediately after installation. The MySQL Installation Wizard is the standard installer for all MySQL server distributions, version 4.1.5 and higher. Users of previous versions of MySQL need to shut down and remove their existing MySQL installations manually before installing MySQL with the MySQL Installation Wizard.

See, for more information on upgrading from a previous version. Microsoft has included an improved version of their Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI) in the recent versions of Windows. MSI has become the de-facto standard for application installations on Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003. The MySQL Installation Wizard makes use of this technology to provide a smoother and more flexible installation process. The Microsoft Windows Installer Engine was updated with the release of Windows XP; those using a previous version of Windows can reference for information on upgrading to the latest version of the Windows Installer Engine. In addition, Microsoft has introduced the WiX (Windows Installer XML) toolkit recently.

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This is the first highly acknowledged Open Source project from Microsoft. We have switched to WiX because it is an Open Source project and it allows us to handle the complete Windows installation process in a flexible manner using scripts.

Improving the MySQL Installation Wizard depends on the support and feedback of users like you. If you find that the MySQL Installation Wizard is lacking some feature important to you, or if you discover a bug, please report it in our bugs database using the instructions given in. 2.3.3.3. Choosing an Install Type There are three installation types available: Typical, Complete, and Custom. The Typical installation type installs the MySQL server, the mysql command-line client, and the command-line utilities. The command-line clients and utilities include mysqldump, myisamchk, and several other tools to help you manage the MySQL server. The Complete installation type installs all components included in the installation package.

The full installation package includes components such as the embedded server library, the benchmark suite, support scripts, and documentation. The Custom installation type gives you complete control over which packages you wish to install and the installation path that is used. See, for more information on performing a custom install.

If you choose the Typical or Complete installation types and click the Next button, you advance to the confirmation screen to verify your choices and begin the installation. If you choose the Custom installation type and click the Next button, you advance to the custom installation dialog, described in. 2.3.3.4. The Custom Install Dialog If you wish to change the installation path or the specific components that are installed by the MySQL Installation Wizard, choose the Custom installation type. A tree view on the left side of the custom install dialog lists all available components. Components that are not installed have a red X icon; components that are installed have a gray icon. To change whether a component is installed, click on that component's icon and choose a new option from the drop-down list that appears.

You can change the default installation path by clicking the Change. Button to the right of the displayed installation path.

After choosing your installation components and installation path, click the Next button to advance to the confirmation dialog. 2.3.3.5. The Confirmation Dialog Once you choose an installation type and optionally choose your installation components, you advance to the confirmation dialog. Your installation type and installation path are displayed for you to review. To install MySQL if you are satisfied with your settings, click the Install button.

To change your settings, click the Back button. To exit the MySQL Installation Wizard without installing MySQL, click the Cancel button.

After installation is complete, you have the option of registering with the MySQL web site. Registration gives you access to post in the MySQL forums at, along with the ability to report bugs at and to subscribe to our newsletter. The final screen of the installer provides a summary of the installation and gives you the option to launch the MySQL Configuration Wizard, which you can use to create a configuration file, install the MySQL service, and configure security settings. 2.3.3.6. Changes Made by MySQL Installation Wizard Once you click the Install button, the MySQL Installation Wizard begins the installation process and makes certain changes to your system which are described in the sections that follow.

Changes to the Registry The MySQL Installation Wizard creates one Windows registry key in a typical install situation, located in HKEYLOCALMACHINE SOFTWARE MySQL AB. The MySQL Installation Wizard creates a key named after the major version of the server that is being installed, such as MySQL Server 5.1. It contains two string values, Location and Version. The Location string contains the path to the installation directory.

In a default installation it contains C: Program Files MySQL MySQL Server 5.1. The Version string contains the release number. For example, for an installation of MySQL Server 5.1.7-beta, the key contains a value of 5.1.7-beta. These registry keys are used to help external tools identify the installed location of the MySQL server, preventing a complete scan of the hard-disk to determine the installation path of the MySQL server. The registry keys are not required to run the server, and if you install MySQL using the noinstall Zip archive, the registry keys are not created.

Changes to the Start Menu The MySQL Installation Wizard creates a new entry in the Windows Start menu under a common MySQL menu heading named after the major version of MySQL that you have installed. For example, if you install MySQL 5.1, the MySQL Installation Wizard creates a MySQL Server 5.1 section in the Start menu. The following entries are created within the new Start menu section. MySQL Command Line Client: This is a shortcut to the mysql command-line client and is configured to connect as the root user. The shortcut prompts for a root user password when you connect.

MySQL Server Instance Config Wizard: This is a shortcut to the MySQL Configuration Wizard. Use this shortcut to configure a newly installed server, or to reconfigure an existing server. MySQL Documentation: This is a link to the MySQL server documentation that is stored locally in the MySQL server installation directory.

This option is not available when the MySQL server is installed using the Essentials installation package. Changes to the File System The MySQL Installation Wizard by default installs the MySQL 5.1 server to C: Program Files MySQL MySQL Server 5.1, where Program Files is the default location for applications in your system, and 5.1 is the major version of your MySQL server. This is the recommended location for the MySQL server, replacing the former default location C: mysql. By default, all MySQL applications are stored in a common directory at C: Program Files MySQL, where Program Files is the default location for applications in your Windows installation. A typical MySQL installation on a developer machine might look like this: C: Program Files MySQL MySQL Server 5.1 C: Program Files MySQL MySQL Administrator 1.0 C: Program Files MySQL MySQL Query Browser 1.0 This approach makes it easier to manage and maintain all MySQL applications installed on a particular system. 2.3.3.7. Upgrading MySQL with the Installation Wizard The MySQL Installation Wizard can perform server upgrades automatically using the upgrade capabilities of MSI.

That means you do not need to remove a previous installation manually before installing a new release. The installer automatically shuts down and removes the previous MySQL service before installing the new version. Automatic upgrades are available only when upgrading between installations that have the same major and minor version numbers. For example, you can upgrade automatically from MySQL 4.1.5 to MySQL 4.1.6, but not from MySQL 5.0 to MySQL 5.1. 2.3.4.1. Introduction to the Configuration Wizard The MySQL Configuration Wizard helps automate the process of configuring your server under Windows.

The MySQL Configuration Wizard creates a custom my.ini file by asking you a series of questions and then applying your responses to a template to generate a my.ini file that is tuned to your installation. The MySQL Configuration Wizard is included with the MySQL 5.1 server, and is currently available for Windows users only.

The MySQL Configuration Wizard is to a large extent the result of feedback that MySQL AB has received from many users over a period of several years. However, if you find that it lacks some feature important to you, please report it in our bugs database using the instructions given in. 2.3.4.3. Choosing a Maintenance Option If the MySQL Configuration Wizard detects an existing my.ini file, you have the option of either reconfiguring your existing server, or removing the server instance by deleting the my.ini file and stopping and removing the MySQL service.

To reconfigure an existing server, choose the Re-configure Instance option and click the Next button. Your existing my.ini file is renamed to my timestamp.ini.bak, where timestamp is the date and time at which the existing my.ini file was created. To remove the existing server instance, choose the Remove Instance option and click the Next button. If you choose the Remove Instance option, you advance to a confirmation window. Click the Execute button. The MySQL Configuration Wizard stops and removes the MySQL service, and then deletes the my.ini file. The server installation and its data folder are not removed.

If you choose the Re-configure Instance option, you advance to the Configuration Type dialog where you can choose the type of installation that you wish to configure. 2.3.4.4. Choosing a Configuration Type When you start the MySQL Configuration Wizard for a new MySQL installation, or choose the Re-configure Instance option for an existing installation, you advance to the Configuration Type dialog. There are two configuration types available: Detailed Configuration and Standard Configuration. The Standard Configuration option is intended for new users who want to get started with MySQL quickly without having to make many decisions about server configuration.

The Detailed Configuration option is intended for advanced users who want more fine-grained control over server configuration. If you are new t.